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Five types of words and phrases to learn in a foreign language
When traveling to many foreign countries, especially if you'll be sticking to major cities, there's no need to be completely fluent in the local language. But knowing a few key words and phrases can make your experience not only easier, but richer as well. While many people in the tourist industry speak English, they'll still greatly appreciate your efforts in speaking their native tongue. Phrases like hello and goodbye are no-brainers, but a few other, less obvious phrases will be invaluable as well.
The Bare Minimum
Hello/Goodbye
Please/Thank you
Yes/No
The Basics
Numbers 1-10 and the general rules for converting to tens, twenties, hundreds, thousands, and so on
Where is?
How much?
What time is it?
I would like. . .
The bill please.
Hotel, restaurant, train station, taxi, toilet, airport, bus
Police, hospital, help
In crowded bars and on the street, knowing your numbers, and being able to ask how much something is, what time it is, for a certain number of something, where something is (and the words for the things you might inquire the location of), or for the bill, will get you what you need with little fuss. You won't be able to hold a conversation, but you'll be able to get directions and order food or drinks easily. In many countries, restaurant servers won't bring your bill until you ask so knowing how to do so will save you time waiting around for the check.
It's also wise to know a few words for emergencies. You hope you won't need to know how to ask for help or call for the police, but if you do, you'll be glad to be able to communicate when it's most important for your safety and well-being.
Food Phrases Beer/wine
Water/coffee
Meat, cheese, bread
Plate
You can always sound out the pronunciation of your desired item from the menu, or just point to it at the bar, but you may not end up with what you want. Memorizing the translations for a few basic foods will help point you in the right culinary direction. The words and phrases you'll use most often may change from country to country but it's always wise to learn the words for water, beer, wine, coffee, bread, cheese, meat, and plate.
If you have any food allergies, you should also learn how to say "I cannot have. . ." in that language. Many people prefer to just write the phrase down and hand it to the server each time they order a meal.
Avoiding Embarrassment
I'm sorry, I don't speak. . .
Do you speak English?
Every traveler tries not to stand out as a tourist. But sometimes the strategy of looking like a local can backfire - like when someone approaches you in Barcelona and starts speaking rapid-fire Spanish and all you can do is stare blankly back at him. Instead of staying mute or responding in English, this is the time to pull out the phrase "I'm sorry, I don't speak Spanish" of whatever the local language is. Likewise, before launching into an English interrogation, you can politely inquire of another "Do you speak English?" in his or her native tongue.
Conversation Starters
What is your name? /My name is. . .
Where are you from? /I am from. . .
This is my husband/wife/child.
You'll never be able to have an in-depth discussion with a person who doesn't speak your language. But you can at least engage them with a few rudimentary phrases. Being able to ask people their names and then giving yours, sharing where you are from, or being able to inquire about family, can help them see you as a person like them, rather than a foreigner.
Though many of us would like to speak the local language anywhere we go, it's often not a realistic option. Knowing these keys words and phrases won't make you fluent, but they will help you get more out of your journey. If you can't memorize them all, just make yourself a handy "cheat sheet" that you can pull out when needed.
Filed under: Learning, North America, United States
