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In the Corner of the World - Struggles of the modern Maori
Over the next few weeks here at Gadling, we'll be bringing you updates from our recent travels across New Zealand - in the process, we hope to offer a range of perspectives about what visiting this truly unique and fascinating country is all about. You can read previous entries HERE.After more than 24 hours of travel, I arrived in Auckland, New Zealand. It was the longest amount of time that I had ever spent en route to a destination and the farthest that I had ever been from home. I was on the opposite side of the planet from my life in New York and experiencing the South Pacific for the first time. And I couldn't shake one really odd feeling: The people here sure don't look like Pacific Islanders. It seemed like everyone was white, spoke the Queen's English and had created their own Little Britain. Maori people are grossly outnumbered by their colonial countrymen and their existence is markedly different. People of Maori decent currently make up only 15% of New Zealand's population and they lag behind their European counterparts in crucial areas such as unemployment rates, literacy and health. This upset me and I wanted to learn more.
It seemed strange that people would travel all the way to New Zealand, snap photos of Maori meeting houses and war canoes and then leave without learning anything about modern Maori life. Troubled by how limited my interaction with Maori was while I was in New Zealand, I decided to retroactively learn more about the troubles that have befallen the population. What I learned was disheartening though not surprising given the country's colonial history.
I scoured the website of Statistics New Zealand, the government's official statistics department, for more information on the state of the Maori population. While the country is located in a far corner of the world, a distinction that inspired the name of this Gadling feature, it is growing whiter every year. Maori population growth is slowing at an alarming rate. Contributing to this is the average Maori life expectancy, which is about seven years less than the non-Maori population. Similarly, the gap between Maori and non-Maori mortality rates is growing.
Many of the Maori I did see in New Zealand were working in blue collar, unskilled positions. According to Statistics New Zealand,
Among the full-time employed, a higher proportion of Māori than non-Māori were employed in occupations with lower median incomes, for example, as sales and service workers, plant and machinery operators and in elementary occupations. In contrast, a lower proportion of Māori were employed as legislators, administrators and managers, professionals or technicians and associate professionals, occupations with higher median incomes. Māori were one and a half times more likely than non-Māori to be employed as trades workers and plant and machinery operators than legislators, administrators and managers.This can be partially explained by the low literacy rates of the Maori. A recent survey described by Statistics New Zealand showed that close to three-fourths of Maori had literacy skills that were below the aptitude necessary to handle the "complex demands of everyday life and work."
As a result of these low literacy rates and high proportion of Maori in low income jobs, more than 30% of Maori are in the lowest quartile of ranked incomes. While the non-Maori population sees a more even distribution of their population in the four household income quartiles, Maori are over-represented in the bottom two income quartiles.
Perhaps even more troubling is the representation of Maori in New Zealand's prisons. Despite making up only 15% of the total population, close to 50% of New Zealand's incarcerated prisoners are Maori according to the Department of Corrections.
By no means am I sharing these statistics to paint the Maori in an unflattering light. To the contrary, I seek only to illustrate how colonization drastically affects native people. The Treaty of Waitangi, which I touched upon briefly in an earlier post, has always been a point of contention between the Maori and the European settlers, and many argue that it was not properly explained to the Maori at the time of ratification. Regardless, since colonization, Maori culture has been marginalized and, to a degree, celebrated only for tourism purposes.
I loved my visit to New Zealand. And so did my Gadling cohorts Grant and Jeremy. The landscape is beautiful and the people are some of the friendliest I have ever met. But it was a reminder that traveling is more than just seeing sites and taking photos. We should learn about other cultures as we explore the world. And, as I looked around this remote corner of the world, I felt like it shouldn't be so white. But that's the truth in any place where colonization has occurred.
For better or for worse, Europeans spread their cultures across the globe centuries ago. But we should never forget the native cultures that existed before colonization and struggle to maintain their identities today. That is evident in the United States, as well, where Native Americans also face challenges with unemployment, literacy rates and health issues. These problems are not unique to New Zealand but, for some reason, I noticed them more there than any other place I have traveled.
Maybe I just feel as if, after 24 hours on a plane to a far-flung locale, that I should have had a far less seamless transition. I wanted a bit of culture shock. I wanted to feel as if I was far from home. But, at the end of the day, New Zealand kind of felt like Hawaii and Vermont had a baby and England adopted it. I guess I wanted something more untouched. But maybe that doesn't exist anymore.
Read more of Gadling's In the Corner of the World series here.
Filed under: Oceania, New Zealand












Reader Comments (Page 1 of 1)
Eva Apr 28th 2009 1:12PM
Interesting stuff. I got sucked in by the Gadling tweet (something about the Maori being a vanishing culture) and came straight here to disagree, only to find that you don't really go that far in your post. :)
What struck me in New Zealand, and with the Kiwis I've met around the world since, is how much more public knowledge there seems to be (among New Zealanders of European descent) about Maori culture and tradition, compared to, say, your average Canadian or American who will generally know sweet f.a. about Native American life. I also saw a degree of public respect for / interest in Maori culture (if not always for Maori individuals) that might be pretty superficial, I suppose -- I'm thinking of things like the hakka -- but is still something, compared to the indifference and contempt that I see here in Canada.
That's not to say that there aren't serious social problems, etc, etc facing the Maori. It's just interesting that they struck you more in New Zealand than here -- for me it was/is the opposite.
Mike Barish Apr 28th 2009 9:42PM
EVA - Thanks for keeping an open mind as you read this piece. It always amazes me how people can have such different experiences and opinions on the same place/topic and appreciate you sharing your thoughts on the subject. Thanks for reading and sharing!
mb
Mike Apr 29th 2009 11:27AM
I lived in Auckland for a year. The Kiwi's are PC to a fault and the Pakeha's knowledge of Maori language and culture is unlike anywhere else in the world. If anyone is apologetic of European expansion the Kiwi's are. They embrace white guilt better than anyother people in the world. The Maori's lack of financial prosperity has little to do with the European colonialism and more to do with their culture. Pacific Island culture is laid back, financial drive and success quite frankly are lower priorities to community and family. I know this is a broad generalization but take a look at Malcolm Gladwell Outliers to challenge your thinking. Culture norms can greatly affect the way a group lives. Hence the financial difficulties of the Maori's but the Asian immigrants are progressively climbing the financial ladder in contrast. As an Asian I can say, blaming the Pakeha's is not the solution to Maori's problems.
nzm May 3rd 2009 7:06AM
It's a little more complicated than your snapshot, Mike.
"Modern Maori life" is little different to any other NZer's way of life.
For years, the Treaty of Waitangi has been going through ratification with each of the Maori tribes on an individual basis. Land has been given back, or substantial amounts of money (either in exchange for land or in addition to the returned land) has been given to the Maori tribes to develop that land or start businesses to employ their own people - or put it in a bank and live off the interest as some of them have done.
If there's a threat to Maori, the biggest one must come from the Maori themselves. Fewer generations are embracing their pasts and fewer are actually learning the Maori language.
In fact, governments set up Te Reo Maori kindergartens to address this issue so that NZ kids could more easily learn about Maori and learn the language. There are Maori TV channels and programs in Maori.
Maori achievers are rewarded with scholarships and benefits. You only have to prove that you are at least 1/16th Maori to be able to qualify for these, and in most cases, the qualification criteria to get these grants is somewhat easier than the criteria for "white" people to attain similar benefits. That's just the way that it is.
Any NZer, white, brown or whatever colour skin, is inherently proud of the Maori heritage and culture that makes us a unique part of the planet. There are lots of opportunities to learn more about Maori - particularly in the North Island in places such as Auckland, Rotorua and Wellington, within museums and cultural centers.
Don't expect to find a lot of Maori influence in the South Island, as there were never many there to start with.
In my working and schooling years in NZ, I was always around Maori people, and it was no big deal on either side - we were all just school kids or workers aiming for common goals - race didn't come into it. But I was privileged to be among them and learned a heck of a lot from our interactions. I realise how special that time was, in retrospect.
At least the Maori were never put into reservations with casinos and alcohol, hey? :-)
Next time, I would urge you to do your research before arriving in the country, and actually make the effort to visit places where you can easily interact with Maori if that's what you want to do.
Just by googling "Maori cultural centre", I came up with these links:
http://www.nzmaori.co.nz/
http://www.rotoruanz.com/culture/additional_maorihosts.php
http://www.polynesia.com/new-zealand/
You never know - just by talking to some of the Maori involved in the centres, I'm pretty certain that you would have been invited back to their homes for some pork and puha, or a hangi - or some KFC!
The experience is there - it appears that you missed it.
nzm May 3rd 2009 7:12AM
oops - that last link slipped in there in error - my copy and paste didn't work. It was supposed to be:
http://www.aucklandmuseum.com/5/maori-culture
cheers
Michele